Sunday, February 12, 2017

science and Technology audio mp3 notes in English free download

science and Technology audio mp3 notes in English free download
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Geography audio mp3 material in English free download

Geography audio mp3 material in English free downloadable files are useful for all competitive exams like UPSC CSAT preliminary and main exam.
UGC JRF NET, all PG entrance exams, General studies part of all the exams.

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Social Welfare Gurukula School Teachers Exam Material in English

Social Welfare Gurukula School Teachers Exam Material in English
This material is totally based on the Government School Books which is useful for DSC, TET, Social Gurukula Schools
TGT, PGT, PET and Principal exams.
.You have READ – DOWNLOAD – ONLINE TEST options for this material. You can do all the three acts for free of cost.

	Subject	Page link
1	History –Society – Religion – Culture – Books – Monuments –	Visit Page
2	Geography	View
3	Economics	View
4	civics	View
5	Environmental Studies	View

History Notes in English

Gurukula Study Material – Kakathiyas

Emergence of Regional Kingdoms – Kakathiyas

Gurukula Study Material – Kakathiyas

1^st Telugu peotic story – Srimadaandhra Mahaabhaaratham.
Poet trio who wrote Mahaabhaaratha in Telugu – Nannaya, Tikkana, Errapreggada.
They translated it between 1000A.D. – 1400A.D.
Official language of Kakathiyas – Telugu.

Book	Author
Andhra Mahaabhaaratham	Nannaya, Thikkana, Errana
Prathaparudhra Yasho Bhooshanam	Vidhyanadhudu
Kridaabhiraamam	Vinukonda Vallabharaaya
Prathaaparudhra Charithra	Ekaamranaatha
Palnaati Veera Charithra	Srinadha in 1350 A.D.

What was the title Kakathiyas got due to their patronage to Telugu language – Andhra Rajas.
The rigions Kakathiyas ruled – Kostha, Telangana, Rayalaseema.
Important Kakathiya kings –
1. Prolaraja -2 ( 1116 A.D. – 1157 A.D.)
2. Rudradeva – 2 (1158 A.D. – 1195 A.D.)
3. Ganapatideva –( 1199 A.D. – 1262 A.D.)
4. Rudramadevi – 1262 A.D. – 1289 A.D.
5. Prathaparudhra – 1289 A.D. – 1323 A.D.
Whom Kakathiyas served as soldiers and feudatories – Rashtrakuta and Chalukyas.
Rashtrakutas ruled Karnataka.
First important position Kakathiyas held – Village head.

Rattadi = Village Head. The word Reddy emerged from Rattarikikam = Rattadi = Reddy.

1^st place in Kakathiya won by Kakathiyas – Anumakonda / Hanumakonda.
After the collapse of which dynasty Kakathiyas proclaimed independence – Western Chalukyas.
Which Kakathiya king shifted Kakathiyas’ capital from Anumakonda / Hanumakonda to Orugallu – Rudradeva.
Who constructed Orugallu – Rudradeva.
1000 Pillars temple was constructed by – Rudradeva.
The temple constructed in Orugallu fort – Swayambhu Shivaalayam.
The capital of Rudramadevi – Orugallu. Rudramadevi ruled for – 27 Years.
Title of Rudrama Devi – Rudradeva Maharaaja.
Battle of Chandupatla – In a bid to suppress the revolt of Kayastha Ambadeva, Rudrama Devi fought with him at Chandupatla.
Rudrama Devi died in which battle ? – Battle of Chandupatla.
Chandupatla is located in —— district. – Nalgonda.
The traveler who visited Kakathiya dynasty during Rudramadevi –
Nayankara system can be seen during the reign of – Kakathiyas.
The Nayankara who boasted of having served as the gate keeper of Kakathiya Rudradeva – Bollinayaka.
The woman who ruled Delhi – Razia Sultana.
Muppamamba, and Mailammabelong to – Kakathiya dynasty and they also made some land donations.
Motupalli inscription was issued by Ganapathideva. (Motupalli Abhaya Varthaka Shasanam).
Which Kakathiya ruler provided security to the traders who undertook international trade – Ganapathideva
Who put an end to Kakathiya dynasty? – Mohammad Bin Tughluq.
Kakathiya dynasty was ended in the year 1323 A.D.
The last ruler in the Kakathiya dynasty – Prathaparudhra.
Hero of the story ‘Palnaati Veeracharithra’ – Balachandrudu.
Palnaati Veeracharithra condemned ‘Caste Discrimination’.
The dynasties emerged after Kakathiya dynasty – Bahamani Empire and Vijayanagara Empire.

Social welfare Gurukula Schools Study Material Vijayanagara kings – Qutbshahi Sultans

Social welfare Gurukula Schools Study Material Vijayanagara kings – Qutbshahi Sultans
Vijayanagara Kings

Another name for Vijayanagara Empire – Karnataka Dynasty.
Vijayanagaram means – City of victories.
Vijayanagara is located – In Karnataka. On the shores of river Thungabhadra.
The founders of Vijayanagara Empire – Harihara raya and Bukka Raya.
Vijayanagara Empire was established in 1336 A.D.
With whose blessings Vijayanagara Empire was established? – Sage Vidyaranya.
The God worshipped by Vijayanagara kings – Viroopaaksha.
For how many years Vijayanagara kings ruled? – 250 Years.
How many dynasties ruled Vijayanagara Empire? – Four dynasties.
Sangama 2. Saluva 3. Thulu 4. Araveeti.
Srikrishna devaraya belongs to which dynasty – Thulu.
The Empire flourished north to Thungabhadra was – Bahamani Empire.
Capital of Bahamani kings – Gulbarga.
In which year Bahamani empire was fragmented into 5 small kingdoms – Between 1459 A.D. – 1520 A.D.
Important Vijayanagara rulers –

1. Harihara Raya 1336-1357	6. Krishnadevaraya 1509-1529
2. Bukkaraya – I 1357-1377	7. Achyutha Raya 1529- 1542
3. Harihara Raya – 2 (1377-1404)	8. Aliya Ramaraya 1543 – 1565
4. Devaraya -2 (1426-1446)	9. Venkatapathi Raya 1585 – 1614
5. Saluva Narasimha Raya (1486-1491)

1^st foreign traveler to visit Vijayanagara kingdoms – Itaian Traveler Nikolo Konti in the year 1420.
The Person merchant who visited Vijayanagara empire was – Abdul Razak in 1443 A.D., during the reign of Devaraya – 2.
The Portugese traveler who visited Vijayanagara empire – Domingo Paes in 1520, during the reign of Srikrishnadevaraya.
During whose reign Nuniz, a foreign traveler visited Vijayanagara Kingdoms? – During Achyuthadevaraya reign in 1537.
Which Vijayanagara king installed his wives statues in Tirumala temple? – Krishnadevaraya.
The foreign traveler who praised the glory of Vijayanagara temple? – Abdul Razak.
Vijayanagara Empire is divided into how many parts? – 4 Parts.
Temples on hills 2. Agriculture lands and irrigation canals.
Forts and Palaces 4. Living place of common people.
The Vijayanagara king who appointed Muslim warriors in army – Devaraya –II.
The Vijayanagara king who appointed Portuguese battalion in his army – Krishnadevaraya.
The Vijayanagara emperor who constructed mosques for muslims – Devaraya – II
The Vijayanagara king who added guns and cannon to his artillery – Devaraya – II.
Head of Iqta during Delhi sultanate period – Amir.
Powerful Nayaka during Vijayanagara period – Saluva Narasimha / Narasa Nayaka.
The foreigners who constructed ports on west coast during Vijayanagara period – Portuguese.
Gajapathi kings ruled Orissa / Odisha region.
25. Amaram – Tax collecting rights in a particular place during Vijayanagara period was called Amaram.
Rayagopuram was built in hounour of which Vijayanagara ruler? – Krishnadevaraya.
Amukthamalyada was written by – Krishnadevaraya.
Amukthamalyada gives details about the life of which poetess? – Tamil poetess Andal.
Ashtadiggajas were in the court of Krishnadevaraya.

Allasaani Peddana	Dhoorjati	Tenali Ramakrishna	Mukku Thimmana
Pingali Surana	Raamaraaja Bhooshana	Maadayagaari Mallanna	Ayyalaraju Rambhadrudu

Navaratnas were in the court of Devaraya –II.
The battle took place between Aliya Ramaraya X Bahamani sultans – Battle of Rakkasi Thangadi / Battle of Thallikota.
The rulers who came to throne after Aliya Ramaraya ruled from – Chandragiri.
Golconda Qutb Shahis ruled from 1512 – 1687.
The powerful kingdoms emerged after the downfall of Kakathiya kingdom – Rachakonda and Devarakonda Velama Kings.
In 1512 A.D. who established Golconda kingdom – Quli Qutb shah.
The forts occupied by Quli Qutb Shah – Warangal, Kondapalli, Elur, R rajahmundry.
Qutb Shahi Sultans

1. Quli Qutb shah (1512-1543)	5. Mohammad Qutb Shah (1612-1626)
2. Jamsheed Quli (1543-1550)	6. Abdullah Qutb Shah (1626-1672)
3. Ibrahim Qutb Shah (1550-1580)	7. Abul Hasan Tanisha (1672-1687)
4. Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah (1580-1612)

The Qutb Shahi sultan who offered patronage to Telugu literature – Ibrahim Qutb Shah.
Singaraacharya, Addanki Gangadhara, Kandukoori Rudrakavi, Ponnaganti Telaganaachaarya were in the court of – Ibrahim Qutb Shah.
Capital of Qutb Shahi Sultans – Golconda.
Great builder among Qutb Shahi Sultans – Ibrahim Qutb Shah.
Hussain Sagar was constructed by – Ibrahim Qutb Shah.
The designer of Hussain Sagar – Sufi Sant Hazrat Hussain Shah Vali.
Purana pul, the bridge was constructed by – Ibrahim Qutb Shah.
Purana pul was constructed on the river Musi.
The city Hyderabad and the monument Charminar were constructed by Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah.
Designer of Hyderabad city – Mir Momin Astarabadi.
Designer of Charminar – Mir Momin Astarabadi.
Mecca Masjid and Jami Masjid in Hyderabad were built by – Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah.
Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah brought soil from Mecca and made brick from it and used them for the construction of Mecca masjid.
Mecca Masjid consists of which Islamic preacher’s relics? – Prophet Mohammad.
The Qutb Shahi Sultan who is well versed in both Persian and Urdu literature – Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah.
The original name of ‘Masab Tank’ – Ma Saheb Tank.
Hyat Bakshi masjid which is located in Hayath Nagar was constructed by – Hyath Bakshi Begum.
Who was called as ‘Ma Saheb’? – Hyath Bakshi Begum.
Hyath Bakshi Begum was the daughter of – Mohammad Quli Qutb Shah.
Kshethrayya was honoured by which Qutb Shahi Sultan? – Abdullah Qutb Shah.
The last ruler among Qutb Shahi rulers – Abul Hasan Tanisha.
Original name of Ramadasu – Kancharla Gopanna.
Who appointed Kancherla Gopanna as the Tahesildar of Palvancha? – Abul Hasan Tanisha.
Principal port during Qutb Shahi period – Machilipatnam.
Qutb Shahi’s 7 tombs are located in – Ibrahim Bagh.
Whose tombs are inspiration for Tajmahal? – Qutb Shahis.
The architectural style of Qutb Shahi’s tombs – Indo-Persian style.
Golconda was occupied by which Mughal Emperor? – Aurangazeb.
In which year Golconda was occupied by Aurangazeb? – 1687.

Gurukula Teachers Study Material Indian History Mughal Empire

Mughal Empire

Important Mughal Rulers –

1. Babur – 1526-1530	Jahangir 1605-1627
2. Humayun 1530-1556 (Not total period)	Shahjahan 1627-1658
Akbar – 1556-1605	Aurangazeb 1658-1707

Mughal empire was established by – Babur.
Mughals came from – Ujbekistan, Mangolia.
In which year Babur conquered Kabul? – 1504.
In which year Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi? – 1526.
Last ruler in Lodi dynasty – Ibrahim Lodi.
Who introduced guns and cannons in warfare in India – Babur.
After getting defeated by Shersha, Humayun fled to Iran and took shelter with Shah Tahmasp of Safavid dynasty.
In which year Humayun regained Delhi? – 1555.
Which Mughal emperor came to throne at tender age? – Akabar, when he was hardly 13 years.
The Mughal emperor who was imprisoned in Agra jail by his sons – Shahjahan.
The Mughal emperor who conquered Assam – Aurangazeb.
In the year 1685 Aurangazeb occupied Bijapur.
In the year 1687 Aurangazeb occupied Golconda.
With which Indian rulers Mughals maintained friendly relations? Rajputs.
The Rajupt clan, which rejected the suzerainty of Mughals, – Sisodias of Chithod.
Jahangir’s mother belongs to which Rajput family? – Ambar (Present day Jaipur).
Shahjahan’s mother belongs to which Rajput family? – Jodhpur.
The mughal administrative systems which resembles Vijayanagara kings’ Nayankara system – Jagirdari system.
Who introduced the system of transferring Government officers from one place to another – Mughals.
Main source of revenue for Mugahals – Land Revenue.
Finance minister of Akbar – Raja Thodarmal.
The revenue system introduced by Thodarmal – Jabth system.
The places where Jabth system was not implemented – Bengal and Gujarath.
Akbar’s close friend and a poet laureate – Abul Fazl.
Akbarnamah was written by – Abul Fazl.
The building where Akbar held various religious discussions – Ibadathkhana.
Akbar’s religion is based on the principle – Sul-i-kul (means World peace.) (Also known as ‘Wahadat ul wazood’). Name of the religion introduced by Akbar – Din-i-Ilahi.
The kingdoms emerged on the ruins of Mughal Empire – Awadh and Hyderabad.
The person who revolted against the Mughal suzerainty in Telangana – Sardar Sarvai Papanna.
Sardar Sarvai Papanna belongs to which Telangana district? – Warangal.
The period Sardar Sarvai Papanna held his sway over Telangana region – Between 1687-1724.
Capital of Sardar Sarvai Papanna – Khila Shapur in Warangal, Telangana.
Papanna ruled for – 30 years.
The places ruled by Papanna –

Bhuvanagiri and Kolanpaka	Once in Nalgonda (Present in Yadadri Bhuvanagiri Dist.)
Thatikonda and Cheryala	Warangal
Husnabad and Huzurabad	Kareemnagar

1^st fort built by Sardar Sarvai Papanna – Fort Sarvaipet.
All the forts built by Sardar Sarvai Papanna – Khilashapur, Thatikonda and Vemulakonda.
Where Sardar Sarvai Papanna built a check dam? – Thatikonda.
The warfare tactic, implemented by Sardar Sarvai Papanna. – Guerilla.

(Shivaji also used same tactic).

The Mughal officers sent by Aurangazeb to suppress Sardar Sarvai Papanna –
Rusthum dil Khan 2. Khasim Khan.
The Mughal officer who killed Papanna – Khasim Khan.
Very close friend of Sardar Sarvai Papanna – Sarvanna.
Aurangazeb expired in the year – 1707A.D.
Sardar Sarvai Papanna occupied fort Warangal – 1^st April 1708.
Sardar Sarvai Papanna occupied for Golconda – 1708.

Asaf jahi dynasty Social Welfare School Teacher exam material

Asaf Jahi Dynasty

Asaf jhahis ruled from 1724 to 1948.

1. Nizam ul Mulk	6. Mir Akbar Ali Khan Sikandar Jah
2. Nazar jung	7. Nasir ud daula
3. Muzafar Jung	8. Afzalu ud daula
4. Salabath Jung	9. Mahabub Ali Khan
5. Nizam Ali Khan	10. Mir Osman Ali Khan

Hyderabad state was established in the year – 1724.
Hyderabad (Nizam ) kingdom was established by – Nizam ul Mulk.
Original name of Nizam ul Mulk – Chin khilich Khan.
Salarjung worked as Diwan from 1853-1883.
Diwan = Prime Minister.
6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Pasha.
Asifia Library was established by – 6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Khan.
Victoria Memorial Orphanage was established by – 6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Khan.
Mahabubia Girls School was established by – 6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Khan.
Musi floods occurred in the year – 1908.
During whose reign Musi floods occurred? – was established by – 6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Khan.
The ruler who ruled for a longest period – 6^th Nizam – Mir Mahabub Ali Khan.
Which Asaf Jhahi ruler’s lasted for a short duration – Muzaffar Jung.

Folk Religion – Study material is useful for various public service exams and especially for Gurukula teachers, TET and DSC

Folk Religion – Study material is useful for various public service exams and especially for Gurukula teachers, TET and DSC.

Most popular village Goddess in Telangana – Pochamma.
The deity who is popular as the savior of cattle rearers and their property – Maisamma.
Water Goddess – Gangamma.
Various names of Ellamma – Poleramma, Maridamma, Renuka, Mahankali, Jogamma, Solamma.
The Goddess who protects village – Ellamma.
The God who saves paddy fields – Pothuraju.
The God who saves cattle and sheep – Beerappa and Katamaraju.
Wife of Beerappa – Kamarathi.
Medaram jathara / fair is celebrated at – Medaram village, Tadvai Mandal, Warangal District.
The biggest tribal Jathara / fair in Telangana – Sammakka Saarakka Jathara.
Who is Meda Raju? – Contemporary of the Kakatiya king Rudradeva (Prataparudra-I).
Medaraju was the ruler of Polavaasa Kingdom.
Where is Polavaasa Kingdom is located? – Polavasa kingdom is located at present in Jagityal of Karimnagar district.
Who is Pagididda raju? – King of Medaram kingdom.

Medaram was a feudatory state to Polavaasa.

Whom Pagididda raju married? – Pagididda raju married the sister of Medaraju.
Who is Sammakka? – Sammakka is sister of Medaraju and wife of Pagididda raju.
Who are Saralamma, Nagulamma and Jampanna? – They are children of Pagididda raju.
Present day Jampanna vaagu was once known as Sampenga Vaagu.
Medaram fair is organised once in two years.
In the context of Medaram Sammakka and Saralamma jathara what actually is called as ‘bangaram’? Jaggery.

Jiggery

Dargah – A tomb of a sufi saint.
Urs – The tomb or dargah of a sufi saint becomes a place of pilgrimage to which thousands of people of all faiths visit. The festival which is celebrated at Sufi saints tombs is called Urs.
Karamaths – Miraculous deeds by Sufi saints.
Ghantam – Ornamented pot carried by women during Bonalu festival.
In whose memory Moharram is celebrated? – Grandson of Prophet Mohammad.
In which battle grandson of Prophet Mohammad achieved martyrdom? Battle of Karbala.
Karbala is located in – Iraq.
Jahangir pir dargah is located in – Kothur, Mahabubnagar district.
In whose memory Jahangir pir dargah is constructed – Sayyid Gousuddin and Sayyid Buranoddin of Iraq.
The Mughal emperor who appointed Ibrahim Ali as quazi of Jahangir pir dargah.
Which book of the great poet Srinatha Kavisaarvabhouma gives details about ‘Potharaju pooja’? – Palnati Veera Charithra (1450).
Kreedaabhiraamam was written by – Vinukonda Vallabharaya.

TSPSC exams class notes

Sunday, February 12, 2017

Emergence of Regional Kingdoms – Kakathiyas

Mughal Empire

Asaf Jahi Dynasty