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70. What period does the Indus civilisation primarily belong to?
A. Iron Age
B. Chalcolithic Age
C. Stone Age
D. Bronze Age
Answer: D. Bronze Age
71. Which of the following statements about Indus cities is true?
A. The cities were strictly based on
a grid pattern.
B. Roads always crisscrossed at right angles.
C. Centralised planning is evident at major sites.
D. Fortifications were absent in most cities.
Answer: C. Centralised planning is evident at major sites.
72. Mohenjodaro is located on the bank of which river?
A. Ravi
B. Ghaggar
C. Sarasvati
D. Indus
Answer: D. Indus
73. Which city was situated on the banks of the now-extinct Sarasvati river?
A. Harappa
B. Banawali
C. Kalibangan
D. Chanhudaro
Answer: B. Banawali
74. What significant discovery was made by Sir Alexander Cunningham at Harappa in 1872-73?
A. Granary structures
B. A seal of unknown origin
C. Evidence of pre-Indus civilisation
D. Advanced drainage systems
Answer: B. A seal of unknown origin
75. Who directed the Harappa Archaeological Project (HARP) starting in 1986?
A. Richard H. Meadow
B. Rai Bahadur Daya Ram Sahni
C. George F. Dales and J. Mark Kanoyer
D. Sir Mortimer Wheeler
Answer: C. George F. Dales and J. Mark Kanoyer
76. Why were major excavations at Mohenjodaro banned after 1964-65?
A. Lack of funding
B. Concerns over damage due to weathering
C. Completion of excavation projects
D. International sanctions
Answer: B. Concerns over damage due to weathering
77. Gola Dhoro, a small craft and trading town, is located near which geographical feature?
A. Gulf of Cambay
B. Gulf of Kutch
C. Rann of Kutch
D. Sarasvati river
Answer: B. Gulf of Kutch
78. What was the primary evidence of prosperity at Gola Dhoro?
A. Extensive residential areas
B. Flourishing craft and trading activities
C. Massive granaries
D. Advanced drainage systems
Answer: B. Flourishing craft and trading activities
79. What was a unique feature of Gola Dhoro’s fortification?
A. It was built in a circular shape.
B. It left limited space for residential and workshop construction.
C. It was made entirely of stone.
D. It had underground storage areas.
Answer: B. It left limited space for residential and workshop construction.
80. What type of materials were manufactured or distributed by the people of Gola Dhoro?
A. Gold and silver items
B. Shell, semiprecious stone, faience, and copper
C. Iron and steel tools
D. Pottery and textiles
Answer: B. Shell, semiprecious stone, faience, and copper
81. Where is Rakhigarhi located?
A. Punjab, Pakistan
B. Haryana, India
C. Rajasthan, India
D. Gujarat, India
Answer: B. Haryana, India
82. What is unique about Rakhigarhi in the context of the Indus Valley Civilisation?
A. It is the oldest Indus Valley
site.
B. It is the largest Indus Valley site in India.
C. It was never inhabited.
D. It contains the most advanced drainage system.
Answer: B. It is the largest Indus Valley site in India.
83. Which organisation is currently responsible for excavations at Rakhigarhi?
A. Archaeological Survey of India
(ASI)
B. Indian Trust for Rural Heritage and Development (ITRHD)
C. Deccan College, Pune
D. UNESCO
Answer: C. Deccan College, Pune
84. Ganweriwala is located in which modern-day country?
A. India
B. Afghanistan
C. Pakistan
D. Nepal
Answer: C. Pakistan
85. What is significant about Ganweriwala?
A. It is the only site with evidence
of writing.
B. It is as large as Mohenjodaro and may have been a major urban centre.
C. It has been extensively excavated.
D. It is located on the active course of the Sarasvati River.
Answer: B. It is as large as Mohenjodaro and may have been a major urban centre.
86. Which site had triple divisions between the lower town, middle town, and citadel?
A. Banawali
B. Kalibangan
C. Dholavira
D. Surkotada
Answer: C. Dholavira
87. At which site was the acropolis asymmetrically shaped due to its dividing wall alignment?
A. Mohenjodaro
B. Harappa
C. Banawali
D. Lothal
Answer: C. Banawali
88. What was a key characteristic of Lothal’s urban layout?
A. Twin mounds enclosed separately
B. A single enclosed complex with workshops and residential buildings
C. Triple divisions between residential and administrative sectors
D. No enclosing walls or internal divisions
Answer: B. A single enclosed complex with workshops and residential buildings
89. Which settlement is notable for having no internal divisions or enclosing walls?
A. Surkotada
B. Hulas
C. Kalibangan
D. Ganweriwala
Answer: B. Hulas
90. What do the twin mounds at Harappa, Mohenjodaro, and Kalibangan indicate?
A. Absence of administrative
divisions
B. A division between public and private sectors
C. Exclusively residential purposes
D. A focus on ritual activities
Answer: B. A division between public and private sectors
91. What is the relationship between the size and planning of Indus cities?
A. Larger cities were always better
planned.
B. Smaller cities were poorly planned.
C. No direct relationship exists between size and planning.
D. Richer cities were always larger.
Answer: C. No direct relationship exists between size and planning.
92. Which site contrasts with Mohenjodaro in terms of size and planning but shares similar features like burnt brick houses and drains?
A. Harappa
B. Lothal
C. Kalibangan
D. Dholavira
Answer: B. Lothal
93. Which site had limited use of burnt bricks, poor civic drainage, and wells, indicating a lower material standard?
A. Kalibangan
B. Mohenjodaro
C. Harappa
D. Dholavira
Answer: A. Kalibangan
94. How wide were the main streets at Mohenjodaro?
A. 3–7 ft
B. 6–9 ft
C. 13–35 ft
D. 50–100 ft
Answer: C. 13–35 ft
95. What characteristic did the inner lanes of Harappan cities commonly exhibit?
A. Consistently straight paths
B. Rounded bends
C. Twisting and turning with sharp right-angled bends
D. Random layouts with no specific pattern
Answer: C. Twisting and turning with sharp right-angled bends
96. What feature was commonly used in the drainage system at Mohenjodaro and Lothal?
A. Open ditches
B. Wooden drains
C. Burnt-brick drains
D. Stone-built culverts
Answer: C. Burnt-brick drains
97. How were the drains at Mohenjodaro designed for maintenance?
A. They were self-cleaning.
B. They had removable stone slabs or bricks for cleaning.
C. They required no maintenance due to advanced filtration.
D. They were cleaned using natural rainfall.
Answer: B. They had removable stone slabs or bricks for cleaning.
98. What type of system was used in Kalibangan for handling household wastewater?
A. Extensive drainage systems
B. Soakage jars outside houses
C. Underground culverts
D. Sediment pits connected to drains
Answer: B. Soakage jars outside houses
99. What feature in the drainage systems of Mohenjodaro helped avoid water flow obstruction?
A. Wide drains
B. Rounded bends in drains
C. Filters at every junction
D. Continuous flow systems
Answer: B. Rounded bends in drains
100. Based on its drainage system and material standard, Kalibangan is considered:
A. The most advanced Harappan city.
B. Richer than Mohenjodaro.
C. A poorer city compared to Lothal or Mohenjodaro.
D. An example of Indus Valley’s peak urban planning.
Answer: C. A poorer city compared to Lothal or Mohenjodaro.
101. How many wells were estimated to be in Mohenjodaro?
a) 500
b) 700
c) 1000
d) 300
Answer: 700 wells in Mohenjodaro
102. What was the average diameter of most wells in Mohenjodaro?
a) 1 ft 6 ins
b) 2 ft 2 ins
c) 3 ft 5 ins
d) 7 ft 6 ins
Answer: 2 ft 2 ins
103. What material was commonly used in the construction of Harappan houses?
a) Stone
b) Wood and brick
c) Mud and clay
d) Metal
Answer: b) Wood and brick
104. Which feature of the Harappan houses was most distinctive in Mohenjodaro?
a) The steep staircases
b) The bathrooms with drains
c) The large windows
d) The use of gypsum for plastering
Answer: b) The bathrooms with drains
105. Where were the granaries located in Harappa?
a) Within the citadel
b) To the east of the settlement
c) Outside the citadel, but nearby
d) Near the riverbank
Answer: a) Within the citadel
106. What was the purpose of the Great Bath at Mohenjodaro?
a) A storage facility
b) A marketplace
c) A ritual bathing site
d) A communal kitchen
Answer: c) A ritual bathing site
107. Which of the following features was found in the lower town of Mohenjodaro?
a) Large granaries
b) Rows of single-roomed tenements
c) Royal palaces
d) A large public garden
Answer: b) Rows of single-roomed tenements
108. What kind of materials were used in the construction of Harappan wells?
a) Mud and clay
b) Burnt bricks
c) Stone
d) Metal
Answer: b) Burnt bricks
109. What was the major difference between Chanhudaro and other Indus cities like Mohenjodaro and Harappa?
a) It lacked a citadel
b) It was larger in size
c) It had a higher population
d) It had no wells
Answer: a) It lacked a citadel
110. What was discovered in Chanhudaro that indicates specialized craftsmanship?
a) Large ceremonial baths
b) Bead-making and metalworking workshops
c) Administrative buildings
d) Stone sculptures of deities
Answer: b) Bead-making and metalworking workshops
111. The granaries at Harappa were used primarily for what purpose?
a) Storing water
b) Housing workers
c) Storing grain
d) Storing pottery
Answer: c) Storing grain
112. Which site is known for its large-scale stone cutting and polishing?
a) Mohenjodaro
b) Dholavira
c) Harappa
d) Kalibangan
Answer: b) Dholavira
113. What was the likely purpose of the oblong multipillared assembly hall in Mohenjodaro?
a) A place for communal bathing
b) A religious gathering place
c) A market
d) An administrative meeting place
Answer: d) An administrative meeting place
114. The bathrooms in Harappan houses were connected to what feature?
a) A system of wells
b) A complex network of sewage channels
c) A courtyard
d) Drains and wastewater chutes
Answer: b) A complex network of sewage channels
115. What is one feature that was notably rare in Harappan houses?
a) Bathrooms
b) Windows
c) Staircases
d) Roofs made of reed matting
Answer: b) Windows
116. Which of the following areas is NOT mentioned as relevant to the growth of the Indus civilization?
a) Kirthar piedmont
b) Gomal valley
c) Cholistan area
d) Deccan plateau
Answer: d) Deccan plateau
117. In which area is the transition from the early Harappan culture to the mature Harappan civilization believed to have occurred?
a) Rajasthan
b) Gomal valley
c) Cholistan (Ghaggar-Hakra system)
d) Punjab
Answer: c) Cholistan (Ghaggar-Hakra system)
118. What is the total number of Mature Harappan sites discovered in Cholistan?
a) 138
b) 174
c) 101
d) 300
Answer: b) 174
119. What is the approximate size of the area in Cholistan where 414 sites along the Hakra river bed were discovered?
a) 200 miles
b) 300 miles
c) 400 miles
d) 500 miles
Answer: c) 400 miles
120. What was a major economic activity in Cholistan, indicated by the discovery of mass production areas?
a) Textile weaving
b) Copper smelting
c) Agriculture
d) Brick manufacturing
Answer: d) Brick manufacturing
121. Which river is identified as the Sarasvati in early literature and linked to the Ghaggar river?
a) Yamuna
b) Ganga
c) Indus
d) Sutlej
Answer: d) Sutlej
122. In which region was the average size of Harappan settlements between a few acres and 60 acres?
a) Cholistan
b) Punjab
c) Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab
d) Gujarat
Answer: c) Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab
123. What is the approximate size of the settlement at Kotla Nihang Khan near Ropar?
a) 3 hectares
b) 10 hectares
c) 2.6 hectares
d) 100 hectares
Answer: c) 2.6 hectares
124. Which site in the Siwalik piedmont of Punjab is mentioned for its 2.6-hectare size?
a) Dhalewan
b) Kotla Nihang Khan
c) Rakhigarhi
d) Banawali
Answer: a) Dhalewan
125. How many sites have been reported in an area of approximately 50 × 25 km in the region of Rajasthan, Haryana, and Punjab?
a) 10
b) 15
c) 21
d) 25
Answer: C) 21
126. Which of the following sites is considered as large as Mohenjodaro?
a) Dhalewan
b) Baglian Da Theh
c) Gurni Kalan
d) Lakhmirwala
Answer: b) Baglian Da Theh
127. What is the main characteristic of the Harappan sites in the Siwalik piedmont of Punjab?
a) Large settlements
b) Small settlements (around 2-3 hectares)
c) Sites related to agriculture
d) Coastal settlements
Answer: b) Small settlements (around
2-3 hectares)
128. Which ancient river system in Cholistan is associated with the drying up of the Sarasvati (Ghaggar)?
a) Ganga
b) Indus
c) Yamuna
d) Sutlej
Answer: d) Sutlej
129. What geographical feature separates the Cholistan desert from the central part of Bahawalpur?
a) The Sutlej river
b) The Hakra depression
c) The Gomal valley
d) The Kirthar mountains
Answer: b) The Hakra depression
130. What type of pottery has been found in the sites of Dhalewan, Gurni Kalan, and others in the Punjab region?
a) Pre-Harappan and Mature Harappan
pottery
b) Bronze pottery
c) Iron pottery
d) Copper pottery
Answer: a) Pre-Harappan and Mature Harappan pottery
131. Which of the following locations is believed to have served as the main mercantile center for trade between the Indus region and Iran and Central Asia?
a) Mohenjodaro
b) Chanhudaro
c) Ahladino
d) Naru Waro Dharo
Answer: b) Chanhudaro
132. What is the approximate size of Mohenjodaro based on the latest estimates?
a) 250 acres
b) 300 acres
c) 500 acres
d) 240 acres
Answer: a) 250 acres
133. Which Harappan site is considered the largest settlement in Sind, with an area of around 86 acres?
a) Chanhudaro
b) Naru Waro Dharo
c) Mohenjodaro
d) Ahladino
Answer: c) Mohenjodaro
134. Which of the following Harappan sites in Kutch is associated with the extraction of chert, carnelian, agate, and jasper?
a) Khandaria
b) Nageshwar
c) Nagwada
d) Chanhudaro
Answer: a) Khandaria
135. What is the primary economic activity at the Harappan site of Nageshwar in Gujarat?
a) Agriculture
b) Copper smelting
c) Shell collection for bangles and conch-shells
d) Animal breeding
Answer: c) Shell collection for bangles and conch-shells
136. Which of the following raw materials were available in Gujarat and played a significant role in the Harappan economy?
a) Lapis lazuli
b) Semi-precious stones, marine shells, copper, and ivory
c) Gold and tin
d) Carnelian and agate
Answer: b) Semi-precious stones, marine shells, copper, and ivory
137. The Harappan sites on the Makran Coast, such as Sutkagendor, Sotka-koh, and Khairia Kot, were believed to be primarily associated with which activity?
a) Agriculture
b) Textile production
c) Maritime trade with the Gulf and Mesopotamia
d) Animal husbandry
Answer: c) Maritime trade with the Gulf and Mesopotamia
138. What is the size of the Harappan settlement of Shortughai in north-east Afghanistan?
a) 5 hectares
b) 2.5 hectares
c) 10 hectares
d) 50 hectares
Answer: b) 2.5 hectares